Between June 2014 and December 2017, large regions of Iraq were under the control of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) which resulted in widespread destruction of infrastructure and natural resources as well as the displacement of more than 5 million people. In January 2018, the World Bank Group published their report entitled "Iraq Reconstruction and Investment: Part 2 – Damage and Needs Assessment of Affected Governorates". This assessment was unique in terms of its geographical and sectoral scope and aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the damage, losses and needs for reconstruction across social, productive and infrastructure sectors as well as cross-cutting sectors, one of which was "Environment and Forestry".
